Synonym |
Cyclo(Pro-Tyr) |
Species |
Human |
Protein Accession |
P01233 |
Purity |
≥ 95% |
Endotoxin Level |
< 1.0 EU per µg |
Biological Activity |
The activity was determined by the inhibition of IL-8-induced IL-6 production in human
peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and is typically 1-5 ng/mL. |
Expression System |
E. coli |
Fusion Tag |
None |
Predicted Molecular Mass |
2449.8 Da |
Formulation |
Lyophilized from a 0.2 µm filtered solution in Acetonitrile and TFA. |
Reconstitution |
Centrifuge vial before opening. Reconstitute in water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. |
Storage & Stability |
Lyophilized protein should be stored at < -20°C, though stable at room temperature for 3 weeks.
Reconstituted protein solution can be stored at 4-7°C for 2-7 days. Aliquot and store at
-20°C for long-term storage. |
FAQ
What is Cyclo(Pro-Tyr) and what are its primary benefits?
Cyclo(Pro-Tyr) is a cyclic dipeptide,
composed of proline and tyrosine, which has gained interest in recent years due to its potential
therapeutic benefits. As a dipeptide, it belongs to a class of organic compounds that are implicated in
various physiological activities within the human body. Cyclo(Pro-Tyr) is particularly recognized for
its role as a bioactive peptide with a unique structure that gives it stability and potency.
One
of the primary benefits of Cyclo(Pro-Tyr) comes from its potential antioxidant properties. Antioxidants
play a crucial role in combating oxidative stress, which is a major contributor to cellular damage and
aging. By neutralizing free radicals, Cyclo(Pro-Tyr) can help protect cells from oxidative damage,
thereby supporting overall cellular health. This makes it an interesting subject of study in anti-aging
research and for conditions that are exacerbated by oxidative stress, such as certain neurodegenerative
diseases.
Moreover, Cyclo(Pro-Tyr) exhibits potential anti-inflammatory properties. Inflammation
is a natural process that, when chronic, can contribute to a host of disorders including arthritis,
cardiovascular diseases, and metabolic syndromes. The anti-inflammatory effects of Cyclo(Pro-Tyr) could
thus offer preventive as well as therapeutic benefits in managing such chronic
conditions.
Another area where Cyclo(Pro-Tyr) shows promise is in immune modulation. A balanced
immune response is essential for maintaining health and preventing autoimmune diseases and infections.
Studies suggest that Cyclo(Pro-Tyr) might have the ability to modulate immune system activity, offering
a potential benefit for individuals with compromised immune systems or those seeking enhanced immune
support.
Additionally, Cyclo(Pro-Tyr) is explored for its neuroprotective benefits.
Neuroprotection is critical in preventing neurodegenerative disorders, and preliminary research
indicates that Cyclo(Pro-Tyr) may help protect neurons from damage, thereby supporting cognitive
function and mental clarity.
Overall, Cyclo(Pro-Tyr) represents a promising area of research with
potential benefits that extend to antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immune, and neuroprotective domains.
As scientific inquiry continues, it may offer new avenues for enhancing wellness and managing certain
health conditions.
How does Cyclo(Pro-Tyr) interact with the human body?
Cyclo(Pro-Tyr)
interacts with the human body in numerous intricate ways due to its biochemical composition and
structure. As a cyclic dipeptide, it possesses a unique cyclic structure that makes it stable and
resistant to enzymatic degradation, which enhances its bioavailability and allows it to be effective at
relatively low concentrations. This structural stability enables Cyclo(Pro-Tyr) to retain its functional
integrity as it circulates through the body.
One notable interaction of Cyclo(Pro-Tyr) in the
body is its potential effect on cellular oxidative stress. It acts as an antioxidant, scavenging free
radicals and reactive oxygen species that can cause cellular damage. By mitigating oxidative stress,
Cyclo(Pro-Tyr) helps in maintaining the integrity of cell membranes and DNA, thus supporting overall
cellular function and reducing the risk of age-related and degenerative diseases.
Cyclo(Pro-Tyr)
also influences inflammatory pathways within the body. It is thought to interfere with the production
and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, thereby exerting an anti-inflammatory effect. This can help
in reducing inflammation-induced tissue damage and offers potential therapeutic benefits in conditions
where chronic inflammation is a core issue.
In addition, Cyclo(Pro-Tyr) may modulate the immune
system's function. It's known to interact with immune cells, potentially enhancing the body's defense
mechanisms against pathogens and reducing the risk of infections. This immune modulation is particularly
significant in conditions where the immune response needs to be tightly regulated, such as in autoimmune
disorders.
Neuroprotective interactions are another area of interest. Cyclo(Pro-Tyr) can cross
the blood-brain barrier, a selective permeability barrier that protects the brain. Once in the central
nervous system, it may provide protective effects against neurotoxic agents, support neuronal health,
and contribute to cognitive enhancement. This interaction is crucial for exploring its potential in
managing neurodegenerative disorders and supporting mental health.
Furthermore, there is
speculation regarding Cyclo(Pro-Tyr)'s role in metabolic regulation. It may influence metabolism by
modulating pathways involved in lipid and glucose metabolism. This interaction makes it a potentially
valuable focus for research into metabolic disorders such as diabetes and obesity.
In summary,
Cyclo(Pro-Tyr) interacts with the body by affecting oxidative stress, inflammation, immune modulation,
neuroprotection, and potentially metabolism. These interactions provide a broad basis for its potential
therapeutic applications and underline its significance in health-related research.
Are there any
known side effects or risks associated with Cyclo(Pro-Tyr) use?
When considering the use of any
bioactive compound, understanding potential side effects and risks is crucial. Cyclo(Pro-Tyr) has been
studied for its positive health benefits, but all compounds may carry some risks, especially when not
used appropriately. As with many emerging supplements or therapeutic agents, Cyclo(Pro-Tyr)'s complete
safety profile is under ongoing exploration.
To date, Cyclo(Pro-Tyr) has shown a relatively low
toxicity profile in preliminary studies, which is promising for its safety as a therapeutic agent.
However, it is vital to approach these findings with caution. The potential side effects of
Cyclo(Pro-Tyr) are not yet fully understood, largely due to a lack of extensive long-term human
studies.
One concern associated with Cyclo(Pro-Tyr) could be its interaction with other
substances. As with many bioactive compounds, Cyclo(Pro-Tyr) might interact with prescription
medications, over-the-counter drugs, or other supplements, which could alter its effectiveness or cause
unexpected side effects. It is always advisable to consult with healthcare professionals before starting
any new supplement, including Cyclo(Pro-Tyr), especially for individuals who are on medication or have
underlying health conditions.
Additionally, while Cyclo(Pro-Tyr) is generally considered safe due
to its natural occurrence in biological systems, individual responses can vary. Some individuals might
experience mild gastrointestinal discomfort, such as bloating or an upset stomach, especially if taken
in higher doses. Sensitivities to dietary supplements can occur, and it is important to monitor one's
body reaction when starting any new form of supplementation.
Another potential risk involves the
purity and quality of Cyclo(Pro-Tyr) products available in the market. As with all dietary supplements,
the source and quality of the product play a significant role in its safety profile. Products that are
not properly manufactured or exceed recommended dosages can lead to adverse effects and reduce overall
efficacy. Therefore, ensuring products are sourced from reputable manufacturers that follow good
manufacturing practices is essential.
Finally, pregnant or nursing women, children, and
individuals with specific health conditions should exercise extra caution and seek medical advice before
using Cyclo(Pro-Tyr). While there is no specific data indicating harm to these groups, the lack of
comprehensive studies necessitates a careful approach.
In conclusion, while Cyclo(Pro-Tyr)
appears to be well-tolerated with a low risk of severe side effects, users should remain vigilant and
informed. Consulting with healthcare professionals and choosing high-quality products can minimize
potential risks and ensure safe use.
How can Cyclo(Pro-Tyr) contribute to anti-aging
processes?
Cyclo(Pro-Tyr) is gaining attention in the anti-aging community, mainly due to its
promising antioxidant and cellular protective properties. As the search for effective anti-aging
interventions continues, Cyclo(Pro-Tyr) stands out due to its potential multi-faceted role in combating
age-related changes at the cellular level.
One significant contribution Cyclo(Pro-Tyr) makes in
anti-aging processes is through its antioxidant capabilities. Oxidative stress is a primary driver of
aging as it leads to cellular damage by initiating the peroxidation of lipids, damage to DNA, and
protein denaturation. Cyclo(Pro-Tyr) helps neutralize free radicals, thereby reducing oxidative damage
to critical cellular components. This activity is crucial for maintaining cellular integrity and
function, which is directly related to the aging process. By preventing or minimizing such damage,
Cyclo(Pro-Tyr) may play a role in slowing down the visible and physiological signs of
aging.
Another contribution is its potential to reduce chronic inflammation, which is another
hallmark of aging often referred to as "inflammaging." Persistent low-grade inflammation is associated
with age-related diseases, such as cardiovascular disorders, diabetes, and cancer. Cyclo(Pro-Tyr) may
mitigate this through its anti-inflammatory properties, offering protection against inflammation-driven
tissue damage and dysfunction, thereby promoting healthier aging.
Cyclo(Pro-Tyr) also supports
metabolic functions which are known to decline with age, contributing to various metabolic disorders. By
potentially modulating pathways involved in metabolism, Cyclo(Pro-Tyr) can help maintain metabolic
balance, reducing the risk of conditions like insulin resistance and obesity. This modulation is vital
because it not only affects longevity but also ensures quality of life in aging individuals.
Its
role in neuroprotection is another significant aspect. Cognitive decline is a prominent age-related
issue, with oxidative stress and inflammation being direct contributors. By offering neuroprotection,
Cyclo(Pro-Tyr) might help preserve cognitive function, delay the onset of neurodegenerative conditions,
and improve overall brain health, which is an integral part of the anti-aging
process.
Furthermore, the potential of Cyclo(Pro-Tyr) to modulate immune response can contribute
to maintaining a robust immune system, which naturally declines with age. An effective immune system is
pivotal in protecting against infections and diseases, which can be more challenging to manage in older
adults.
In summary, Cyclo(Pro-Tyr) contributes to anti-aging processes through its antioxidant
capacity, anti-inflammatory action, support for metabolic processes, neuroprotective effects, and immune
modulation. These multifaceted approaches at combating cellular and physiological aspects of aging
underline its potential as a valuable component in anti-aging strategies.
Is Cyclo(Pro-Tyr)
suitable for everyone?
While Cyclo(Pro-Tyr) shows great promise due to its potential health
benefits, determining its suitability for everyone requires a nuanced understanding of individual health
profiles and needs. The general consensus is that Cyclo(Pro-Tyr) offers benefits for many but should be
tailored to individual cases, considering factors such as age, existing health conditions, interactions
with medications, and overall lifestyle.
Cyclo(Pro-Tyr) might be suitable for adults seeking to
enhance their antioxidant defenses, support anti-inflammatory responses, or bolster neuroprotection.
Individuals who are interested in preventive approaches to aging and maintaining cognitive health could
find it beneficial. However, as with any supplement, it is crucial to assess individual tolerance,
especially because dietary supplements can sometimes induce idiosyncratic reactions in different
people.
Special considerations should be given to particular groups. Pregnant and nursing women,
for example, should exercise caution due to limited research on the effects of Cyclo(Pro-Tyr) during
pregnancy and lactation. Similarly, those with pre-existing health conditions, especially related to the
liver or kidney, or individuals with hormonal imbalances should consult healthcare professionals before
considering its use. The effects of Cyclo(Pro-Tyr) on children or adolescents have not been extensively
studied, hence its routine use in these populations is not recommended unless under medical
advice.
For those on prescription medications, the suitability of Cyclo(Pro-Tyr) can greatly
depend on drug interactions. Cyclo(Pro-Tyr) could interact with medications, altering their efficacy or
leading to potential side effects. It is advisable to have a comprehensive medication review by a
healthcare provider to ensure safe co-administration.
Moreover, individuals with allergies or
sensitivities to supplements should also be cautious. Testing tolerance with small doses under
professional guidance might be recommended to avoid any adverse reactions.
Lifestyle factors play
an integral role in determining the suitability of Cyclo(Pro-Tyr). Individuals with extraordinarily
stress-laden or physically demanding lives might benefit from its antioxidant or neuroprotective
properties. Nonetheless, supplementation should complement other healthy lifestyle choices, including a
balanced diet, regular physical activity, and stress management practices.
Thus, while
Cyclo(Pro-Tyr) might be a suitable addition to many health and wellness regimes, its universal
suitability cannot be assumed. A personalized approach, taking into account specific health needs and
goals, alongside professional medical advice, is pivotal to determining its appropriateness for
individual use.