Taiy Chemical
Entero-Kassinin
Synonym Entero-Kassinin
Species Human
Protein Accession P09683
Purity Greater than 95% as determined by SDS-PAGE
Endotoxin Level Less than 1 EU/µg
Biological Activity The ED50 for this effect is typically 4-24 ng/mL. Measured by its ability to inhibit forskolin-stimulated cAMP production in HT-29 human colon adenocarcinoma cells.
Expression System E. coli
Fusion Tag His tag at N-terminus
Predicted Molecular Mass Approximately 4.5 kDa
Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS
Reconstitution It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized Entero-Kassinin in sterile 18 MΩ-cm H2O not less than 100 µg/ml, which can then be further diluted to other aqueous solutions.
Storage & Stability Lyophilized Entero-Kassinin although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution Entero-Kassinin should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C.
FAQ
What is Entero-Kassinin and how does it work in the body?
Entero-Kassinin is a synthetic peptide that mimics the naturally occurring peptide known as kassinin. This peptide is primarily found in the gastrointestinal system and plays a significant role in modulating various physiological activities. The importance of these peptides arises from their interaction with neurokinin receptors, which are part of a larger class of receptors known as G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). When Entero-Kassinin binds to these receptors, it triggers various intracellular pathways that can lead to a range of effects, such as smooth muscle contraction, modulation of pain signals, and regulation of inflammatory responses. In the context of the gastrointestinal tract, Entero-Kassinin may enhance motility by acting as a neurotransmitter or neuromodulator at the neuromuscular junction. This leads to increased peristalsis, which can be beneficial in conditions where there is decreased motility, such as certain types of constipation or incomplete bowel obstruction. Furthermore, Entero-Kassinin's effect on the pain pathways may provide additional therapeutic benefits by alleviating discomfort associated with gastrointestinal conditions. By acting on neurokinin receptors, it alters the perception of pain and modifies the body's response to painful stimuli. This makes Entero-Kassinin a potentially useful compound in managing visceral pain, which is often a challenging symptom to address in gastrointestinal disorders. The complexity of its action lies in its ability to engage with multiple receptor subtypes, each possibly influencing different physiological processes. Thus, through carefully monitored administration, Entero-Kassinin can bring about a harmonization of the gut environment by not only enhancing reflexes involved in digestion but also by reducing symptoms that may accompany various gastrointestinal ailments.

What benefits can users expect from incorporating Entero-Kassinin into their health routine?
Users of Entero-Kassinin can anticipate a range of benefits, particularly focused on gut health and associated physiological systems due to its interaction with neurokinin receptors found predominantly in the gastrointestinal tract. One of the prominent benefits users report is an improvement in bowel motility. Entero-Kassinin's role in enhancing peristaltic movements can be immensely beneficial for individuals who struggle with conditions like chronic constipation or sluggish transit time, facilitating a more regular and comfortable bowel movement pattern. This improvement in bowel function can also contribute to alleviating symptoms of abdominal bloating and discomfort commonly associated with impaired gut motility. Another important benefit pertains to its potential in pain modulation. Entero-Kassinin, through its action on neurokinin receptors, might play a pivotal role in reducing visceral hypersensitivity. This can lead to decreased perception of pain, providing relief to individuals suffering from painful gastrointestinal conditions such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). By dampening the intensity of pain signals, users may experience a noticeable reduction in the severity and frequency of abdominal pain episodes. Additionally, the anti-inflammatory properties of Entero-Kassinin can contribute to a healthier gut environment. By modulating inflammatory pathways, this peptide might reduce inflammation-related damage within the gastrointestinal system, potentially benefiting individuals with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) or other inflammatory conditions of the gut. The cumulative effect on the gastrointestinal tract translates into an overall improvement in digestion and nutrient absorption. Users might find that by maintaining a better-functioning digestive system, there is an enhancement in their overall vitality due to improved energy levels and nutritional status. However, it is crucial to note that while Entero-Kassinin presents several potential health benefits, its use should always be monitored by a healthcare professional to tailor its application to individual health needs and conditions.

Are there any side effects associated with the use of Entero-Kassinin?
The administration of Entero-Kassinin, like any bioactive compound, can be associated with certain side effects, although these may vary among individuals. Given its action on neurokinin receptors, which are distributed in various tissues throughout the body, the primary side effects are often related to its effects on the gastrointestinal and nervous systems. One of the most commonly reported side effects is gastrointestinal discomfort, which may include symptoms such as cramping or diarrhea. This is likely due to the enhancement of gut motility, which, while beneficial for certain conditions, can sometimes lead to overactivity in the digestive tract for some individuals. To mitigate such effects, it's essential for users to start with a lower dose and adjust gradually under the guidance of a healthcare provider. Another potential side effect stems from its influence on neurotransmitter pathways, possibly leading to mild neurological symptoms such as headaches or dizziness. In some cases, users might experience an alteration in mood or sleep patterns due to the interaction of Entero-Kassinin with central nervous system receptors. While these side effects are generally mild and transient, it is important for users to be aware and to monitor any persistent or severe symptoms. Furthermore, because Entero-Kassinin can modulate inflammatory responses, there is a hypothetical risk of immune system interactions, which might manifest as increased susceptibility to infections or, conversely, exacerbation of autoimmune symptoms in predisposed individuals. Therefore, individuals with compromised immune systems or autoimmune disorders should approach its use cautiously and under medical supervision. Allergic reactions cannot be ruled out entirely, although they tend to be rare. Symptoms may include rash, itching, or in severe cases, anaphylaxis. Hence, individuals with a history of peptide allergies or hypersensitivities should undergo an allergy test before use. Overall, while the risk of side effects exists, they can usually be managed effectively through appropriate dosing strategies and by continually monitoring the body's response to the treatment.

How should Entero-Kassinin be stored to maintain its efficacy?
Proper storage of Entero-Kassinin is crucial to ensure its chemical stability and efficacy over time. Like many bioactive peptides, Entero-Kassinin's stability can be affected by environmental conditions such as temperature, humidity, and light exposure. To maintain its effectiveness, it's important to store Entero-Kassinin in a cool, dry place. Ideally, it should be kept at a controlled temperature, away from direct sunlight and heat sources, as these can accelerate the degradation of the peptide. Storing the peptide in a refrigerator is often recommended because this environment not only maintains a stable temperature but also limits exposure to fluctuating outdoor humidity levels which can alter peptide integrity. Additionally, freezing Entero-Kassinin is sometimes suggested for longer-term storage, as the low temperatures can significantly slow down any hydrolytic or oxidative processes that might occur, preserving the peptide's structure and activity. However, if freezing, it is important to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles, which can cause the peptide to degrade. This can be managed by aliquoting the Entero-Kassinin into smaller portions, allowing the user to only thaw the amount needed for immediate use. Containers storing Entero-Kassinin should be airtight to protect the peptide from moisture, which can lead to hydrolysis and compromise its effectiveness. Amber vials are also advisable as they provide protection against light exposure, which can also contribute to the breakdown of peptide bonds, rendering the product ineffective. Importantly, Entero-Kassinin should be kept in its original container until just before use. This helps avoid contamination, which could compromise the integrity of the compound. If any discoloration, precipitation, or change in the peptide's appearance occurs, it should not be used, as these changes can indicate degradation or contamination. By adhering to these proper storage guidelines, users can ensure that Entero-Kassinin remains potent and effective over its intended shelf life.

Can Entero-Kassinin interact with other medications or supplements?
Entero-Kassinin, while exhibiting a specific mechanism of action, has the potential to interact with other medications or supplements, primarily due to its effects on neurokinin receptors and its influence on gastrointestinal motility and pain perception pathways. One of the primary considerations when using Entero-Kassinin in conjunction with other medications is its potential to alter gastrointestinal motility. Drugs that affect the gastrointestinal tract, such as laxatives or motility enhancers, could have their effects amplified when taken alongside Entero-Kassinin. Conversely, medications used to decrease gut motility, such as certain antidiarrheal agents, might see a reduction in efficacy due to the peptide’s pro-motility effects. It's vital for users to discuss such interactions with healthcare providers to adjust dosages and scheduling in a manner that maximizes therapeutic benefits while minimizing potential side effects. Another aspect to consider is Entero-Kassinin's role in modulating inflammatory responses. This can be particularly relevant for individuals taking medications for inflammatory conditions. Anti-inflammatory drugs, including corticosteroids or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), could undergo altered efficacy due to overlapping pathways influenced by Entero-Kassinin’s peptide activity. Similarly, immunosuppressive medication's effects might be either potentiated or diminished, requiring careful monitoring by a healthcare professional. Entero-Kassinin's impact on neurotransmitter systems, given that neurokinin receptors also exist in the central nervous system, introduces possible interactions with psychotropic medications, such as antidepressants or anxiolytics. When combined, there is a likelihood of exaggerating or dampening the effects of either treatment, influencing mood, sleep patterns, and overall mental well-being. Nutritional supplements, particularly those targeting inflammation or gastrointestinal health (such as probiotics or fiber supplements), might also interact. While these interactions are not inherently negative, they do necessitate a strategic approach to maximize synergistic benefits while minimizing undesired effects. For instance, the timing of Entero-Kassinin administration relative to these supplements may need adjustment. In summary, while potential interactions exist, many of them can be effectively managed through a detailed medication review and coordination with healthcare providers to individualize treatment plans based on each user's unique health profile and treatment goals.
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