Synonym |
N-2-Aminoethyl-Val-Leu-anilide |
Species |
Human |
Protein Accession |
NA |
Purity |
Greater than 95% as determined by SDS-PAGE |
Endotoxin Level |
< 1.0 EU per 1 μg of protein |
Biological Activity |
Not determined |
Expression System |
E. coli |
Fusion Tag |
His Tag |
Predicted Molecular Mass |
NA |
Formulation |
Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS |
Reconstitution |
Centrifuge the vial prior to opening. Reconstitute in sterile deionized water to a concentration
of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL |
Storage & Stability |
Store at -80°C upon receipt. Stable at -80°C for up to 6 months after reconstitution. |
FAQ
What is N-2-Aminoethyl-Val-Leu-anilide and how does it function in biochemical
applications?
N-2-Aminoethyl-Val-Leu-anilide is a synthetic peptide-like compound that is
frequently used in various biochemical and pharmaceutical applications. It combines the attributes of
aminoethyl groups with specific amino acids—valine (Val) and leucine (Leu)—and an anilide linkage. Each
component is significant because they confer unique properties that make the compound versatile in
different biochemical contexts. In essence, the compound’s structure enables it to interact with
specific enzymes or proteins, typically via binding to active sites or participating in competitive
inhibition. In enzymology, such compounds are frequently utilized to study enzyme specificity and
kinetics, serving as a probe to better understand enzyme function.
Due to these intrinsic
properties, N-2-Aminoethyl-Val-Leu-anilide can act as a substrate analog, which allows researchers to
dissect mechanistic pathways. This means the compound can mimic the natural substrate of a given enzyme,
providing insights into the enzyme’s active site geometry and catalytic mechanism. This kind of
investigation is crucial in the preliminary phases of drug development, where understanding enzyme
catalysis and inhibition can pave the way for new therapeutic agents. The compound also possesses
stability and solubility traits that make it favorable for various analytical techniques such as mass
spectrometry and spectrophotometry. This stability ensures that it does not readily degrade under
experimental conditions, allowing for more reliable and reproducible results.
Furthermore,
N-2-Aminoethyl-Val-Leu-anilide can be used in high-throughput screening processes in pharmaceutical
development, acting as a reference compound in the calibration of assays that measure enzyme activity or
inhibition. This compound’s efficacy in such applications lies in its relative ease of synthesis and low
cost, making it a commonly used tool in laboratories aiming to understand disease pathways and assess
therapeutic potential. Its use spans from academic research to industrial applications, illustrating the
broad impact such compounds have in advancing our understanding of biochemical processes.
In
synthesis, N-2-Aminoethyl-Val-Leu-anilide serves as an integral asset in biochemical research,
particularly in exploring enzyme-substrate interactions and aiding in drug discovery processes. By
enabling a detailed analysis of enzyme dynamics, it lays the groundwork for potential therapeutic
innovations, demonstrating its critical role in modern science.
What are the main applications of
N-2-Aminoethyl-Val-Leu-anilide in scientific research?
The compound
N-2-Aminoethyl-Val-Leu-anilide boasts a diverse range of applications in scientific research, largely
due to its structural characteristics and stability. One of the primary uses of this compound is in
enzymology, where it serves as a tool for exploring enzyme kinetics and specificity. This is achieved by
employing the compound as either a substrate analogue or an inhibitor in various enzymatic assays. The
compound’s anilide linkage and amino acid components equip it with the ability to bind to specific sites
on an enzyme, facilitating the detailed investigation of enzyme mechanics. By observing how enzymes
interact with N-2-Aminoethyl-Val-Leu-anilide, researchers can infer the nature of the catalytic site and
elucidate mechanisms of action, which are pivotal in understanding metabolic processes and the
development of therapeutic targets.
Beyond enzyme studies, N-2-Aminoethyl-Val-Leu-anilide is
extensively used in the screening of potential pharmaceutical agents. It acts as a comparator or a
benchmark in assays designed to evaluate the efficacy of enzyme inhibitors, which are crucial in drug
discovery. The compound’s stability under experimental conditions makes it an ideal candidate for such
high-throughput screenings, allowing for consistent and precise measurements. This usage is particularly
meaningful in the pharmaceutical industry, where the identification and optimization of enzyme
inhibitors drive the development of new drugs for various diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular
disorders, and infectious diseases.
The compound also plays a vital role in structural biology
studies, where it is used to assess protein-ligand interactions. N-2-Aminoethyl-Val-Leu-anilide can be
utilized in studies employing techniques like X-ray crystallography or nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)
spectroscopy to determine the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms within a protein complex.
Understanding these interactions at a molecular level can inform the design of molecules that optimize
binding efficiency and specificity, aiding in the rational design of novel therapeutic agents.
In
addition to its applications in research and drug development, N-2-Aminoethyl-Val-Leu-anilide finds
relevance in educational settings. It serves as a practical example of a synthetic compound used in
biochemical research, helping students understand complex concepts in enzyme activity and protein
interactions through hands-on laboratory experiments. By engaging with real-world compounds, educational
programs can prepare students for future careers in biochemical research and pharmaceutical
development.
In conclusion, N-2-Aminoethyl-Val-Leu-anilide is a versatile compound with
significant contributions to various fields in scientific research. Its ability to engage with enzymes
and proteins makes it a valuable tool in understanding biochemical processes and developing new
pharmaceuticals, as well as serving as an educational resource in the study of biochemistry.
How
does the stability of N-2-Aminoethyl-Val-Leu-anilide benefit its scientific uses?
The stability
of N-2-Aminoethyl-Val-Leu-anilide stands as one of its most noteworthy features, offering several
benefits that significantly enhance its utility in scientific research. This stability makes it
particularly advantageous in environments where varying conditions could otherwise compromise the
integrity of more fragile compounds. For instance, the stable nature of N-2-Aminoethyl-Val-Leu-anilide
ensures that it does not readily degrade, making it viable for long-term storage and experimentation
under a wide range of physical and chemical conditions. This reliability is indispensable in large-scale
studies where consistency and reproducibility are crucial for valid results.
In enzymology and
pharmaceutical research, the compound’s resistance to degradation means that it can be used in a variety
of assays without concerns about it undergoing unwanted side reactions. Such stability allows
researchers to conduct experiments that are both extended in duration and require precise conditions,
facilitating studies of enzyme kinetics and the identification of potential enzyme inhibitors. In these
experiments, the lack of degradation products leading to false readings or artifacts ensures that the
outcomes reflect true biological activities. This attribute is especially critical when the compound is
used as a control or reference point in assays, where any instability could skew data interpretation and
negatively impact research conclusions.
Moreover, the structural integrity of
N-2-Aminoethyl-Val-Leu-anilide supports its use in structural biology applications. When used in studies
that involve determining the configuration of protein-ligand complexes, the compound’s resistance to
breakdown allows for clearer, more accurate experimental data. Researchers can confidently analyze
interaction patterns without the confounding effects of structural modification over time, leading to
more precise models of protein interactions and facilitating drug design processes involving structural
optimization.
The stability also extends its utility in educational laboratory settings. As an
instructional material, N-2-Aminoethyl-Val-Leu-anilide’s chemical robustness simplifies logistics
concerning handling and storage, ensuring that students can focus on learning experimental techniques
without unnecessary concerns about compound degradation. Additionally, educators can prepare solutions
in advance, maintaining their effectiveness over multiple lab sessions.
Finally, the resilient
nature of N-2-Aminoethyl-Val-Leu-anilide enhances its compatibility with a broad spectrum of analytical
techniques, such as spectrophotometry, NMR spectroscopy, and chromatography. In each of these methods,
the compound’s chemical stability ensures that it interacts predictably within the system, providing
clear, consistent results that are essential for precise analysis. This predictability is particularly
beneficial for studies that require separation and identification of reaction products, where
degradation could lead to complicated mixtures difficult to analyze.
In sum, the stability of
N-2-Aminoethyl-Val-Leu-anilide expands its functionality across numerous scientific domains, cementing
its role as a reliable tool in biochemical and pharmaceutical research, educational laboratories, and
analytical procedures. Its unwavering structure underpins successful experimentation, accurate data
collection, and innovative research advancements.
What role does N-2-Aminoethyl-Val-Leu-anilide
play in enzyme inhibition assays?
N-2-Aminoethyl-Val-Leu-anilide holds a significant role in
enzyme inhibition assays due to its ability to serve as both a substrate analogue and a potential
inhibitor in the study of enzyme dynamics. The compound’s design allows it to effectively mimic the
natural substrates of specific enzymes, thereby competitively occupying the enzyme’s active site. This
action facilitates the exploration of enzyme-substrate interactions and helps delineate the kinetics of
enzyme inhibition. Understanding these interactions is vital, particularly in pharmaceutical research,
where identifying how an enzyme’s activity can be modulated is key to developing new therapeutic
drugs.
In the context of inhibition assays, N-2-Aminoethyl-Val-Leu-anilide provides a critical
benchmark for evaluating the potency of other inhibitory compounds. By simulating the enzyme’s
substrate, it enables the assessment of relative inhibitor effectiveness through quantitative
comparisons in various assay formats. This comparison is crucial in high-throughput screening, where
numerous compounds are tested for their capacity to affect enzymatic activity. The ability of
N-2-Aminoethyl-Val-Leu-anilide to engage reliably with enzymes ensures that observed inhibitory effects
are due to the test compounds under study rather than inconsistencies or failures in the assay system
itself.
Moreover, the compound is employed in the kinetic analysis of enzyme inhibitors,
assisting in delineating between competitive, non-competitive, and uncompetitive inhibition mechanisms.
By using N-2-Aminoethyl-Val-Leu-anilide in assays alongside inhibitors under varying conditions,
researchers can determine how an inhibitor affects the enzyme’s overall catalytic efficiency. Since
enzyme inhibition kinetics provides insights into the potential physiological efficacy of therapeutic
agents, an accurate and stable model substrate like N-2-Aminoethyl-Val-Leu-anilide is
invaluable.
Another benefit comes from the compound’s structural aspects, where the anilide
linkage provides a robust binding interface that often mimics the molecular milieu within active sites
of target enzymes. This interface is instrumental when undertaking detailed investigations into binding
affinities and energy dynamics within the enzyme active site. For structure-based drug design, this
aspect of N-2-Aminoethyl-Val-Leu-anilide can serve as a template to understand and design more effective
inhibitory molecules.
The compound also provides insight into the structural changes of enzymes
associated with substrate binding and catalysis. Utilizing N-2-Aminoethyl-Val-Leu-anilide as a molecular
probe can help outline conformational shifts that occur upon ligand binding—key information that
supports the rational design of enzyme inhibitors that bind more effectively or modulate enzyme function
in novel ways.
In summary, N-2-Aminoethyl-Val-Leu-anilide contributes significantly to enzyme
inhibition assays through its reliable performance as a substrate analogue, assisting in understanding
inhibition mechanisms, comparing inhibitor efficacy, and supporting drug discovery processes. Its
structural properties and reliability under experimental conditions ensure that it remains an
indispensable component in the toolkit for enzyme research, providing both a benchmark and a foundation
for developing innovative therapeutic strategies.
What is the significance of
N-2-Aminoethyl-Val-Leu-anilide in drug discovery and design?
N-2-Aminoethyl-Val-Leu-anilide is of
fundamental significance in the drug discovery and design process, notably due to its role as a model
compound in enzyme-target studies. Its unique structure allows it to mimic natural substrates
effectively, making it a valuable analog in the study of enzyme activity, specificity, and inhibition.
This capability is crucial for understanding disease mechanisms at a molecular level and identifying
potential therapeutic targets. In the early phases of drug discovery, researchers aim to comprehend the
detailed interactions between potential drugs and their biological targets, primarily enzymes or
receptors. N-2-Aminoethyl-Val-Leu-anilide assists in pinpointing the critical interactions within the
active sites of enzymes, offering insights into the role of specific molecular interactions in enzyme
inhibition.
The compound's aptitude for acting as a competitive inhibitor allows researchers to
distinguish subtle changes in enzyme activity, a critical factor in designing molecules that can
precisely modulate enzyme functions linked to various diseases. Through enzyme kinetics studies
employing N-2-Aminoethyl-Val-Leu-anilide, scientists can classify inhibitor types—information essential
for selecting compounds most likely to succeed in therapeutic applications. Its use extends to
high-throughput screening, where diverse compound libraries are evaluated for biological activity. As a
standard reference, N-2-Aminoethyl-Val-Leu-anilide facilitates the identification of lead compounds with
favorable inhibitory properties, streamlining the process of narrowing down candidates for further
development.
In the arena of structure-based drug design, the stability and predictability of
N-2-Aminoethyl-Val-Leu-anilide make it an exemplary template molecule for understanding ligand-binding
dynamics. By integrating data derived from various analytical techniques, such as X-ray crystallography
or molecular docking studies using the compound, researchers can visualize the spatial arrangements of
the active sites and optimize pharmaceutical lead compounds for enhanced efficacy and specificity. By
using these insights to guide the rational modification of lead compounds, the drug design process
becomes more efficient, reducing both time and financial investment typically associated with bringing a
new drug to market.
Furthermore, in areas involving chronic diseases like cancer or metabolic
disorders where enzyme dysfunction plays a crucial role, N-2-Aminoethyl-Val-Leu-anilide aids in
tailoring inhibitors with selective binding affinity, thereby minimizing off-target effects—a prevalent
challenge in drug development. The compound's role in predicting potential adverse drug interactions
early in the discovery phase is another advantage, allowing modifications to be made well before
clinical testing, thus improving the safety profiles of new drugs.
Additionally, as a teaching
tool in educational and industrial training settings, N-2-Aminoethyl-Val-Leu-anilide provides tangible
demonstrations of the principles underlying substrate-enzyme interactions, enriching the educational
experience and preparing the next generation of scientists for roles in pharmaceutical research and
development.
In essence, the application of N-2-Aminoethyl-Val-Leu-anilide in drug discovery is
multifaceted, encompassing its function as a model substrate, a tool for understanding enzyme
inhibition, an instrument in high-throughput screening, and an aid in the structural optimization of
drug candidates. This compound significantly contributes to the efficiency and success of drug discovery
efforts through its role in elucidating and optimizing the interactions between potential therapeutic
agents and their biological targets.
How does N-2-Aminoethyl-Val-Leu-anilide contribute to
educational settings in biochemistry?
In educational settings, particularly within biochemistry
and pharmacology disciplines, N-2-Aminoethyl-Val-Leu-anilide serves as an invaluable resource due to its
properties and applications that seamlessly integrate into teaching modules about enzyme kinetics,
inhibition, and biochemical assays. These educational experiences aim to bridge theoretical knowledge
and practical applications, helping students grasp complex biochemical concepts and prepare for future
research or industry roles.
The compound is a natural fit in laboratories where students are
tasked with understanding enzyme behavior. Experiments involving N-2-Aminoethyl-Val-Leu-anilide
typically focus on its role as a substrate mimic or enzyme inhibitor, allowing students to conduct
enzyme kinetics assays, observe reactions, and calculate enzyme constants such as Km and Vmax. This
hands-on experience is essential for reinforcing classroom lectures on catalytic mechanisms and the role
of enzymes in physiological processes. By interacting with the compound directly, students can see how
theoretical principles like Michaelis-Menten kinetics apply in practice, solidifying their academic
foundation and critical thinking abilities.
Furthermore, N-2-Aminoethyl-Val-Leu-anilide’s
stability ensures reliable experiments interconnected across several lab sessions, an aspect
particularly beneficial for undergraduate and graduate level courses requiring extended experimental
timelines. Its robustness minimizes experimental error due to compound degradation, enabling repeated
use and analysis, which permits students to verify and validate their results independently—thus
cultivating an environment of scholarly rigor and self-assessment.
The utilization of
N-2-Aminoethyl-Val-Leu-anilide in combinatory assays with other compounds also introduces students to
principles of multi-variable experiment design, which is essential for modern scientific research. This
includes addressing questions like competing substrates in molecular assays where compound interactions
can lead to complex, real-world scenarios students will face in professional research
settings.
Moreover, this compound’s application extends to computational exercises where students
utilize molecular modeling software to address questions related to enzyme-inhibitor interactions. By
examining how N-2-Aminoethyl-Val-Leu-anilide binds within enzyme active sites on a molecular level,
students gain proficiency in bioinformatics tools, which are crucial in the contemporary landscape of
drug discovery and systems biology.
In addition to standard lab involvement,
N-2-Aminoethyl-Val-Leu-anilide finds its way into course simulations and virtual lab exercises, an
approach becoming increasingly important in the aftermath of global shifts towards remote learning.
Virtual experiments using this compound can be designed to simulate laboratory outcomes, thereby
offering flexibility while still delivering quality education in understanding enzyme kinetics and
inhibition dynamics.
Finally, having students present and discuss findings from experiments
involving N-2-Aminoethyl-Val-Leu-anilide fosters essential scientific communication skills. Through
writing reports or delivering presentations, students learn to interpret data critically, synthesize
information, and convey complex concepts clearly—skills that are transferrable and invaluable across all
scientific and industrial sectors.
In summary, N-2-Aminoethyl-Val-Leu-anilide is an integral
component in the educational settings of biochemistry, providing hands-on laboratory experience,
reinforcing theoretical lessons, enhancing computational exercises, and facilitating the development of
analytical and communication skills. Through its inclusion in educational programs, this compound helps
mold informed, capable scientists ready to tackle the challenges in biochemical research and industry
environments.